{"id":5239,"date":"2025-11-26T21:36:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T21:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.maryknollsociety.org\/magazine\/?p=5239"},"modified":"2025-12-29T14:25:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T14:25:20","slug":"report-global-poverty-religious-restrictions-discrimination-against-women-remain-high","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.maryknollsociety.org\/magazine\/report-global-poverty-religious-restrictions-discrimination-against-women-remain-high\/","title":{"rendered":"Report: Global Poverty, Religious Restrictions, Discrimination Against Women Remain High"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

By Gina Christian, OSV News<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(OSV News) \u2014 More than a quarter of the global population still lacks access to seven basic needs identified as fundamental by the late Pope Francis \u2014 with close to 60% living in nations with severe restrictions on religious freedom, and more than half of the world\u2019s women living in countries with severe sex-based discrimination, according to a new report from Fordham University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition, a majority of those represented by the statistics live on the African continent<\/a>, as well as in some Asian nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The data was made public in the university\u2019s \u201cPope Francis Global Poverty Report<\/a>,\u201d released Nov. 14 ahead of World Day of the Poor, observed Nov. 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The annual observance, instituted in 2016 by Pope Francis in his apostolic letter \u201cMisericordia et Misera,\u201d takes place on the 33rd Sunday in Ordinary Time, which in 2025 fell on Nov. 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Fordham report, prepared by that school\u2019s Graduate Program in International Political Economy and Development, or IPED, assesses the Global Poverty Gap, defined as the world average of the relevant population without adequate water, food, housing, employment, education, gender equality and religious freedom<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Those seven basic human needs were highlighted by Pope Francis in his 2015 address to the United Nations General Assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Fordham Francis Index \u2014 which first combines data from those seven indicators into a Material Welfare Index and a Spiritual Freedom Index \u2014 \u201cis a more pro-poor index,\u201d wrote Fordham\u2019s IPED director, economics professor Henry Schwalbenberg, in the report\u2019s foreword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schwalbenberg explained the index emphasizes the \u201cbasic material human needs of the most marginalized<\/a>,\u201d while also featuring \u201ca more pro-freedom index with its incorporation of civil liberties into its measure of spiritual freedom.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition, the index is \u201ca more robust measure of integral human development,\u201d he wrote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unmet needs affect millions worldwide<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The report \u2014 which drew on data from organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank \u2014 found that \u201cbased on the most recently available data for the year 2025, the Global Poverty Gap is 25.5%.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That number is \u201cunchanged from the previous year,\u201d the report said, noting that the COVID-19<\/a> pandemic had worsened the figure until 2022, with \u201cthe beginning of a recovery\u201d indicated in 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHowever, this recovery has stalled since 2024,\u201d said the report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The most recently available data shows that 8.8% of the world\u2019s population, or some 707 million people, lack \u201can improved drinking water source,\u201d one that provides clean, readily accessible water \u201cwith collection time not exceeding 30 minutes for a round-trip, including queuing,\u201d said the report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Topping the list of the 10 most deprived nations for such water access is Congo, followed by Central African Republic, South Sudan<\/a>, Niger and Burkina Faso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As of 2022, approximately 9.1% of the global population, or 730 million, were undernourished, said the report, citing data from the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

More than half of the populations of Somalia (51.3%) and Haiti (50.4%) were undernourished, with just under 40% of the populations of Madagascar (39.7%), Yemen (39.5%), Liberia (38.4%) and Zimbabwe (38.1%) suffering from lack of nourishment<\/a>. Congo (37%), Uganda (36.9%), Zambia (35.4%) and Chad (35.1%) rounded out the top 10 list.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

About 1.3 billion people, or 16.4% of the global population, live in \u201csub-standard housing,\u201d defined in the report as structures with floor, walls or roofs made of \u201cnatural materials\u201d such as earth, mud or dung \u2014 or lacking a roof or walls altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

New data exposes wide gaps in housing, work and gender rights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An overwhelming majority of the population of Chad (80.4%, or 15.5 million) reside in such inadequate structures, said the report. Central African Republic (75.5%), Burundi (70.6%), Mauritania (69.5%) and Ethiopia (67.5%) were also listed in the top five nations for substandard housing, with Afghanistan<\/a> (61.6%) ranking seventh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The report found that 21.4% of the world\u2019s labor force, some 810 million adults, \u201clack paid employment above subsistence-level wages,\u201d a calculation that used the International Labor Organization\u2019s figure of $3.65 per day as the minimum needed to be sustained without assistance. The metric accounts for differences and prices among countries, the report noted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madagascar (89%), Congo<\/a> (87.2%) and Malawi (86%) accounted for the highest population percentages in this category.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Fordham researchers estimated that 767 million adults, or about 12.6% of the global adult population, were illiterate in 2023, based on the Adult Illiteracy Rate, a figure representing those age 15 and older who \u201cwho cannot read, write, and comprehend a simple statement about their everyday life.\u201d Chad (72.7%), Mali (69%), Burkina Faso (65.5%), South Sudan (65.5%) and Afghanistan (63%) were the leading nations in this category \u2014 although the report noted that \u201cboth the illiteracy rate and the total number of illiterate adults have continued to decline<\/a> since 2019.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

More than half (51.3%) of the world\u2019s women \u2014 2 billion \u2014 \u201clive in countries with severe discrimination against women,\u201d said the report, with \u201ca significant rise in global gender discrimination against women since 2014.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The report authors used the Health and Survival Index, which combines both sex ratio at birth and healthy life expectancy. Azerbaijan, China, Vietnam, Qatar, India and Afghanistan ranked as the most deprived nations for women, scoring between just 0.93 to 095 on the World Economic Forum\u2019s health and survival index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Most of the world faces severe limits on religious freedom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Fordham also estimated that in 2022, \u201cmore than 4.7 billion people\u201d \u2014 roughly 59% of the global population \u2014 were living in countries where religious freedom was severely restricted<\/a>. The report used Pew Research Center\u2019s Government Restrictions Index as a metric, saying \u201cit also accounts for the role of government institutions in promoting or deterring religious freedom.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Topping Fordham\u2019s list of the most restrictive nations for religion was China, followed by Egypt, Afghanistan and Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indonesia, Syria and Russia ranked fifth, sixth and seventh, with Algeria and Azerbaijan ranking eighth and ninth. Malaysia and Uzbekistan tied for 10th on the list.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Not included was North Korea, which has been named by a number of religious persecution watchdog organizations, such as Open Doors International, as one of the top nations for religious repression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In an email to OSV News, Schwalbenberg confirmed that North Korea \u2014 a highly restrictive nation, named by the U.S. State Department as \u201cone of the worst religious freedom<\/a> violators in the world in 2024\u2033 \u2014 had been \u201comitted because of the lack of data.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schwalbenberg added, \u201cThis omission would imply that we are underestimating restrictions on religious freedom. In any case we are still estimating the majority of the world\u2019s population to be living in countries with severe restrictions on religious freedoms.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In his message for the 2025 World Day of the Poor, Pope Leo XIV said, \u201cThe poor are not a distraction for the Church, but our beloved brothers and sisters<\/a>, for by their lives, their words and their wisdom, they put us in contact with the truth of the Gospel.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGod took on their poverty in order to enrich us through their voices, their stories and their faces,\u201d he said. \u201cEvery form of poverty, without exception, calls us to experience the Gospel concretely and to offer effective signs of hope.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Featured image: Sister Giovana of the Most Holy Name of Jesus (squatting) joins Sister Samaritan of Scourged Love (left) and Sister Maria Clara of the Crucified in giving food to a man near Lexington Market in Baltimore May 3, 2023. (OSV News\/Kevin J. Parks, Catholic Review)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A new Fordham report reveals that more than a quarter of the world lives with unmet basic needs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":5479,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","_eb_data_table":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1053],"tags":[1433,1431,1429,1430,1432,547,1435,1319,1434,1437,1436,1438],"class_list":["post-5239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-fordham-university","tag-gender-rights","tag-global-poverty","tag-most-marginalized","tag-pandemic","tag-pope-francis","tag-pope-francis-global-poverty-report","tag-religious-freedom","tag-the-church","tag-the-poor","tag-unmet-needs","tag-wide-gaps"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nReport: Global Poverty, Religious Restrictions, Discrimination Against Women Remain High - Maryknoll Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Report: Global Poverty, Religious Restrictions, Discrimination Against Women Remain High - 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